The article is devoted to the study and comparison of the views of historian N. A. Troitsky and writer V. I. Savchenko on the problems of the revolutionary movement of Russia in the XIX century, as well as the characteristics of some of its key figures. The authors, using ego sources (correspondence and memoirs), most of them introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, consider issues related to the interpretation of complex and contradictory aspects of revolutionary populism both in scientific literature and in fiction using the example of the works of Troitsky and Savchenko. Summing up the research, the authors state the features and nature of the epistolary communication between the historian and the writer of the 1970s — 1980s, emphasizing their impartial, open and thoughtful discussion of key moments and bright personalities from the history of the liberation movement of Russia of the nineteenth century. The analysis of the correspondence between the scientist and the novelist allowed the authors to identify their conceptual views on the problems of revolutionary populism, and to illustrate the coincidence or closeness of the views of Troitsky and Savchenko on most of the historical subjects they consider.

Historical reconstruction of the stages of I. M. Krasnoperov'szemstvo service as head of the zemstvo statistical department, determination of his contribution to the development of methods for conducting statistical work and studying rural communities. The article uses unpublished materials from the central, republican and regional archives, which were not previously introduced into scientific circulation. Retrospective and personality-oriented methods of scientific research are applied.
Previously unknown information about I. M. Krasnoperov's zemstvo service has been revealed, and the importance of his economic and statistical works for the practical economic activities of the zemstvos of those provinces in which he supervised statistical work has been shown. The authors also believe that I. M. Krasnoperov’s research of the peasant household was in demand by his colleagues, economists, agronomists, publicists, and social and political figures. The research has not lost its significance as a historical source on the agrarian history of Russia in both the post-reform period and nowadays.

In the 1890s, the old Russian populism entered a period of protracted ideological crisis and disintegration. Legal populists, who urged the intelligentsia to continue cultural and educational activities among the people, especially popular in the 1880s, did not escape it either. This article is devoted to a little-known populist publicist and public figure, Yevgeny Dmitrievich Maximov, whose rapprochement with the cultural populists occurred only in the mid‑1890s. The interest to his ideological heritage is conditioned by the fact that it was he who in the early twentieth century would try to breathe new life into S. N. Krivenko's theory of "organic cultural work". The article analyzes Maximov's views on the main tasks of Russian life and defines his position in moderate right-wing populism.

The article is devoted to the study of the revolutionary movement of late Imperial Russia at the beginning of the XX century. The author's research perspective focuses on the characterization of various forms of revolutionary activity of the period under consideration through the prism of gendarmerie inquiries. The study of the issues stated in the article is carried out in the regional dimension — on the basis of archival materials of the Saratov provincial gendarmerie department and the security department. The analysis of the documents of the political police allowed us to determine the various forms of revolutionary activity and the number of cases in which the gendarmerie inquiry was conducted on the territory of the Saratov province on the eve of the first Russian revolution.

This article analyzes the features of the political exile to the Tobolsk North in the context of changes in its regulatory framework. Based on various historical sources (regulatory acts, regulations and bills of the Russian Empire, office correspondence, sources of personal origin, etc.), changes in the numerical composition of exile, the nuances of regulating the life of supervised persons «in places not so remote», their material and social status. The role of local administration and police in the everyday life of exiles is assessed.

For the first time in historiography, the article examines the legends and historical legends about the peasant unrest of the 1870s in the Chigirin district of the Kiev province. The main characters of these legends are shown against the background of real events of the popular movements of the post-reform period. The cultural and genetic connection of the legends about Thomas Pryadko with the heroic epic of the Zaporozhye Cossacks has been revealed. The differences between the legends about Pryadko and the family legends about Lazar Tenenik and Stepan Shutenko are demonstrated.

This article is devoted not to distilling itself, as a very successfully developing branch of the manufacturing industry in Western Siberia in the second half of the nineteenth century, but to the role played by alcohol production in terms of the development of the region’s economy as a whole. Distillery production, along with wine trade, created favorable conditions for the formation and strengthening of commodity-money relations, accelerated the process of initial capital accumulation and contributed to the socio-economic development of Western Siberia. The chronological framework of the article covers the second half of the XIX century. When working on this article, the author used both archival data and information contained in published sources, as well as the works of other researchers.

The article examines the activities of the Experimental Agricultural Station of the Karaganda Correctional Labor Camp. Based on the analysis of documents from the State Archives of the Russian Federation, the provision of an experimental agricultural station with scientific personnel, the basis of which was a contingent of prisoners, was studied. The features of the functioning of a scientific institution that used the labor of imprisoned employees are considered. It is shown that the activities of the experimental agricultural station consisted not only in the acclimatization of existing plant varieties on experimental fields, but in the breeding of new varieties through hybridization.

In the history of the Tyumen region, which turns 80 this year, there are anumber of unrealized projects. These include the construction of a TranspolarRailway. The purpose of this article is to consider what the initial, first of threevariants of the road, called the " Transpolar Railway", represented. The source baseof the problem is very scarce, due to the secrecy of documents during the construction period, and most likely, the remaining secrecy stamps for a significantpart of the documents to this day. The article uses general scientific methods ofanalysis, synthesis, generalization, hypotheses, analogies, as well as historicalresearch methods, among them — the historical-genetic method aimed at identifyingthe origin of the process under study, its causes; the historical-diachronic methodassociated with the study of the dynamics of the process within a more complexsystem, as well as the historical-comparative method. The main conclusion of theauthors is that in the conditions of the aggravation of the military confrontation inthe Arctic in 1943–1944 the issue of building a road from Vorkuta to Salekhard, and then with its continuation, at least to the Purovsky district, where theNakhodka Bay was located, was put on the agenda. The project met militarystrategic goals, and also provided for the provision of fuel for both the territory of YANND and military facilities in the bays of the Kara Sea. The removal of theproject from the agenda in 1944 was explained by the establishment of Arctic security as a result of operations conducted by Soviet troops.

Based on the currently declassified archival documents, the current problem of implementing state policy in the field of development of the oil refining and petrochemical industry in the USSR in the 1960s is being investigated. The analysis of comparative data and expert opinions made it possible to formulate conclusions about the presence of factors that determined the lag in this area from the leading capitalist countries and allied countries. The reasons for the slowdown are: a shortage of modern equipment; insufficient funds allocated and planning miscalculations; lagging in the development of vehicles for the export of petroleum products; a weak level of preparation of raw materials in the fields, etc. The products produced were not of high quality and were not competitive enough. Low prices for oil and petroleum products hindered the development and application of resource-saving technologies. Political motives and forced oil exports to socialist countries were also a factor in the slowdown.

The article examines the scientific activities of political exiles aimed at studying the Ob River. Attention is drawn to the fact that they mainly focused on clarifying the role of the river in the socio-economic life of the population of the North of Western Siberia. They paid special attention to the study of fishing methoыds, the specifics of the organization of fisheries and the study of the working conditions of fishing workers. The proposals of the exiles for the reorganization of fishing in the Ob on more equitable principles of humanization of labor, the creation of artels and cooperation are analyzed.

The article examines the formation of housing and communal services, focusing on the water supply and sewerage system in Krasnoyarsk from 1953 to 1964. The aim is to analyze the formation of the water supply and sewerage system in Krasnoyarsk in 1953–1964. Several methodological approaches are used, including historicalism, objectivity, and comparative-historical methods. An anthropological approach is also applied to study socio-cultural aspects of people's lives during this period. The article emphasizes the importance of developing a water supply and sewerage system for improving the living standard of the population and ensuring the functioning of industry.
In the course of our research, we analyzed available sources on the history of the water supply and sewerage system in Krasnoyarsk during the specified period, as well as described key measures taken by local authorities within modernization activities to improve the water supply and sewerage system both during the Great Patriotic War and the postwar period (installation of water intake points and booths, opening of new trusts, implementation of water disinfection measures, hydraulic tests, etc.). In the analysis of existing literature on the history of housing and communal services in the city, we identified key features of the Khrushchev era in the history of the formation of the water supply and sewerage systems in Krasnoyarsk, which significantly expands our understanding of everyday life of urban residents during that period.
To date, there are no fundamental works on the history of the water supply and sewerage system in Krasnoyarsk in 1953–1964. This work is an investigation into the analysis of the formation and evolution of the water supply and sewerage system in Krasnoyarsk. The article contributes to filling the gap in existing literature on this issue, offering valuable new data and perspectives.

Created in August 1944, the Tyumen region included vast territories of the south of the region, as well as the Khanty-Mansiysk and Yamalo-Nenets national districts (which became autonomous since 1978). The industrial development of this territory, which began in the 1960s, could not but affect its ecological state. This especially affected water resources. Numerous lakes and channels served as sources of fish, the Irtysh and Ob rivers within the region served not only as transport magistrals, but also served as a source of drinking water supply. The adoption in 1960 of the law «On Nature Protection in the RSFSR» focused the attention of the region on the state of water bodies. Control over them was entrusted to the permanent commissions for nature conservation. In this regard, the purpose of this is to analyze the activities of state authorities for the protection of water resources of the Tyumen region in the 1960s‑1970s, using the example of standing commissions for nature protection under the Tyumen regional executive committee.
As a methodological tool, the concept of environmental history was used, which considers the process of interaction between man and nature in a historical context. The source base of the study is based on the materials of the activities of the Nature Protection Commission under the Tyumen Regional Executive Committee presented in the R‑814 Fund (Tyumen Regional Council of People's Deputies and its Executive Committee) of the State Archives of the Tyumen Region.
As a result, it is concluded that, despite the measures taken and the extensive terms of reference, the situation with the protection of water resources in the Tyumen region remained tense. Not only industrial enterprises of the region served as sources of pollution, but a significant amount of harmful substances was brought from the regions upstream.

Environmental protection measures have been included in the national economic plan of the USSR since 1976. Environmental planning was carried out by the Nature Conservation Department of the USSR State Planning Committee. Environmental planning was carried out on the basis of statistical reporting submitted by enterprises However, despite the annual increase in budget allocations allocated for environmental protection needs, the environmental situation has practically not improved. This is especially noticeable in the example of the water resources of the North of Western Siberia: the concentrations of harmful substances in local water bodies exceeded the standards tens of times.
The purpose of the article is to analyze the problems solved by the USSR in the 1970–1980s. when carrying out environmental planning within the framework of protecting water resources in the North of Western Siberia.
Materials and methods of research — analysis of monographs and publications in scientific collections of the 1970–1980s, as well as archival documents included in the funds of the State Archive of the Russian Federation, the Russian State Archive of Economics.
The problem of Soviet environmental planning was a violation of the logic of planning, which was carried out “from above”, the inability to quickly provide all enterprises with treatment facilities, inflated standards and manipulation of statistics. However, the existence of environmental planning in the USSR indicates that the state recognizes environmental problems and is committed to solving them.

This article continues the subject of studying and preserving the documentary historical and cultural heritage of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra. The purpose of the study is to identify the information value of the documents of the fund No. 51 “Surgut City Committee of People's Control” by the municipal archive of Surgut on the environmental history of the North of Western Siberia. The methods of source analysis and synthesis were used in the article. The appeal to the materials of the Surgut archive is necessary and justified. In the second half of the XX century in the North of Western Siberia the territory of the most intensive industrial development became the Surgut Priobye within the administrative boundaries of the Surgut district.
The collection contained resolutions of the Khanty-Mansiysk District People's Control Committee and minutes of the Surgut City People's Control Committee.The committees controlled the implementation of normative documents in the sphere of environmental protection and rational use of natural resources: the Decree of the USSR Council of Ministers of 22.04.1960 “On measures to streamline the use and enhance the protection of water resources of the USSR”, the Decree of the RSFSR Council of Ministers of 16.08.1968 № 568 and the decision of the Tyumen Oblispolkom of 20.02. 1969 № 119 “On measures to prevent pollution of water bodies of the Ob-Irtysh basin”, Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR from 24.03.1975 “On serious shortcomings in the implementation of the Law of the RSFSR ‘On the protection of nature in the RSFSR in the Tyumen region, Resolution of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR from 15.01.1981 ’On measures to strengthen the protection of seas, rivers and other water bodies of the Arctic basin from pollution”.We implemented the resolutions of the District People's Control Committee on prevention of oil losses during extraction, transportation and storage; on strengthening control over prevention of infectious diseases and improvement of sanitary condition of cities and settlements of autonomous districts.They considered issues on clogging of water berths and their untimely cleaning, on the progress of construction of city treatment facilities, etc.
The revealed documents of the fund No. 51 “Surgut City Committee of People's Control” of the Surgut municipal archive confirm the conclusion made within the framework of the RNF grant No. 22–28–20115 on the theme “The Soviet state and society in the process of understanding and solving environmental problems of the North of Western Siberia in 1917–1991” that in the system of environmental planning and rational use of natural resources of the USSR in the second half of the XX century water protection and its rational use played an important role.

The concept of space is the subject of research in many sciences. The space has the property of variability over time and does not have clear administrative boundaries. The characteristic features of space are its images that highlight the features of space. The natural-geographical and political-administrative features of the Russian space create new vectors of research in the humanities and develop interdisciplinary research.
The main purpose of the article is to determine the significance of the space of the Siberian North for the state and its perception in society. The tools of environmental history were chosen as the basis for the methodology.
In the second half of the twentieth century, during the period of industrial development of the region, the perception of the space of the Siberian North by the state and society changed. The development of science and technology has contributed to the rapid and unsustainable development of natural resources. This has led to serious environmental consequences. Nature has become closer and more accessible to people. The mental image of the space of the Siberian North is gradually changing from one rich in natural resources, which must be used as much as possible for economic development, to protection and conservation of nature, rational environmental management.

This article, based on the memories of eyewitnesses, examines the leisure practices of the townspeople of the Tobolsk province in the late 19th — early 20th centuries. Turning to the history of leisure has important scientific and practical significance, as it expands our knowledge about the everyday life of people and allows us to trace the processes occurring in society and the main directions of its development. In addition, a critical analysis of past leisure practices makes it possible to use the accumulated experience in modern conditions. Considerable attention in the study is paid to various forms of leisure for city residents, as well as to the problems that people faced when organizing their free time. It has been established that despite the modernization processes taking place in the life of Russian post-reform cities, a significant proportion of the leisure practices of the urban population of the Tobolsk province at that time retained their traditional features.

The article examines the possibilities of applying an interdisciplinary research model combining the achievements of history, cultural studies, and humanitarian geography in studying the transformations of local cultural spaces during the transition from the Soviet to the post-Soviet era. The use of field survey techniques, analysis of sources, and the use of oral history methods made it possible to record the transformations that took place in relation to their spatial distribution in settlements of different types (millionaire city, small town, work settlement, rural settlement). The correlation of places and memory figures of national, regional and local significance in the cultural space of different types of settlements in the studied period was revealed.

The article, based on a comparison of the mechanisms and factors of the formation of generations (sociological, psychological, etc.), concludes that it is possible to study the summer practices of growing up of representatives of generation X, which are considered as one of the systemic factors. The purpose of the article is to identify the everyday practices of summer leisure of urban children that could influence the formation of components of the mentality of Generation X. The materials of the analysis were the texts of 31 included interviews with representatives of Generation X (born 1964–1978). The analysis showed that living conditions, food culture, values transmitted in village culture, interaction with village peers and relatives influenced the cognitive, axiological and behavioral traits of the generation.

The paper examines the urban subjectivity of Tyumen residents. The research subject is the individual perception of the city by each resident associated with his needs, interests, and life values. The study of urban subjectivity provides a deeper understanding of the lifeworld, motives of actions, and behavior of the city residents. It lets us explain the phenomena associated with modern socio-cultural processes of urban space.
The purpose of the study is to determine the formation factors of the urban subjectivity of the Tyumen residents in 1964–1985 and identify the features of the urban subjectivity. The study is based on archival documents, statistical materials, periodicals, and sources of personal origin. I applied the subject-activity and cultural-anthropological approaches in the study. The main research methods are narrative (descriptive), comparative-historical, historical-genetic. For the first time, I identified a complex of factors impacting the formation of the urban subjectivity of Tyumen residents in 1964–1985. In the study, I emphasize the increase of Tyumen status and the change of narrative as the main factors. As a result, I discovered a contradiction. On one hand, Tyumen became the “oil capital”, the industrial, intellectual, and cultural center. The city played a significant role in satisfying the sociocultural needs of its residents, including leisure activities. On the other hand, a certain level of dissatisfaction occurred among the citizens. One of the reasons for this dissatisfaction was the uneven development of the urban space.

The publication examines the information that is present in the images of Mir Susne Khuma. He occupies a special place in the pantheon of the Ob Ugrians. Historical and ethnographic criticism of folklore sources about this mythical character contributes to a greater understanding of sociopolitical processes among the inhabitants of the Ural and West Siberian taiga in the pre-Russian era. The purpose of the study was to identify and characterize the historical realities about Mir Susna Khum.
When studying folklore and epic texts, systematic analysis was used to reveal the semantic layers in the image of Mir Susne Khuma, abstracting from the mythical component that prevents the reconstruction of the components of the true past. The methodological basis was an integrated approach involving a number of methods: historical comparative studies, historical-genetic and comparative-typological analysis.
Thanks to the consideration of the mythical Ob-Ugric heroes, the specifics of the existence and behavior of the “tops” in potestar societies have been clarified. Scientific novelty lies in the use of a comparative approach. It made it possible to discover related traits among military elites in various ethnic groups of the period of political genesis: alienation from close relatives, disregard for the values of tribal society, as well as elements of tricksterism and demonstrative aggression.

A brief analysis of the ethnic map of the Middle Volga region and the Urals, formed by the beginning of the XX century, is given. Attention is drawn to the emergence of new identities and their future destinies. Among others, today the Nagaybaks have preserved and broadcast the original ethnic identity to the greatest extent, so this group is a convenient material for studying such processes. Assessment of the degree of participation of the state (military-administrative) apparatus in the process of forming new identities in the Volga-Ural region. The corpus of sources is represented by published documents of the XVIII–XX centuries under the authorship of P. I. Rychkov, I. G. Georgi, M. A. Krukovsky, etc., as well as materials of the population censuses of 1926, 2002, 2010 and 2020. The emergence of new identities in the region is associated with the migration processes that intensified after 1552 — spontaneous national and state colonization. The task of the latter was the social construction of new territories. The result of Christianization were new identities: Kryashens, Eastern Mari, Zakamskiy Udmurts, unbaptized Chuvash, Muslim Chuvash. In the process of estate construction, Teptyars, Meshcheryaks and Nagaybaks appeared, settled according to the administrative division of the Cossack troops. These three groups were singled out as separate identities in 1897 and 1926. Of these, only the Nagaybaks in their history were subjected to state influence three times: Christianization, conversion to the Cossacks and unification as part of the Nagaybak district. These events laid the foundation of the Nagaybak identity with three reference points — confessional, class and ethnic.

The formation of the system of State arbitration bodies in the USSR took place during a difficult historical period. Having been established in 1931, it faced a whole range of economic, social and cultural problems caused by the consequences of the revolutionary events, the Civil War and the First World War.
In such circumstances, the need to effectively and in the shortest possible time solve the tasks of resolving economic disputes between subjects of the planned economy was the reason for granting State Arbitration a wide range of powers and functions characteristic of both judicial bodies and administrative management bodies.
The uniqueness of this institution lies in this symbiosis of the multidirectional functions of State Arbitration. It allowed this body to effectively resolve disputes between subjects of economic relations, as well as legal support for their activities.
For a long time, the country's leadership tried to develop tools, create mechanisms and establish state bodies that could exercise the powers subsequently assigned to the bodies of State Arbitration of the USSR. Its creation, in our opinion, was a natural result of government efforts aimed at creating an institution that meets the existing historical challenges, within which it was supposed to contribute to the economic development of the country.
Based on a wide range of historical literature and archival sources, through the use of narrative, historical-comparative, chronological and statistical methods of historical research, the analysis of the socio-economic reasons for the creation and features of the activities of the USSR State Arbitration is carried out.
Much attention is paid to the study of socio-economic processes taking place in the Soviet Union during the period under review.
The article focuses on establishing the fact that the formation of a system of state arbitration bodies has become a natural result of the search for mechanisms and methods to ensure the effective functioning of a planned economy in the conditions of existing social, economic and cultural difficulties in the historical period under consideration. The author concludes that the state arbitration of the USSR has become a body that meets the historical challenges of the period under study and significantly contributed to the growth of the country's economic potential.
The scientific novelty of the research is due to the introduction into scientific circulation of a number of sources that were not previously used during the study of the stated topic, as well as the historiographical analysis of the published literature carried out for the first time.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the Committee of Soviet Women reports on the economic and legal status of women abroad during the post-war period (1946–1950) as a propaganda tool. In addition to the reports of the Committee of Soviet Women the research source base consisted of materials from the State Archive in Tobolsk and the State Archive of Public and Political Associations of the Tyumen Region. The gender approach was the basis of the research methodology. In addition, the basic principles of historical research were applied: objectivity, historicism, a social approach to the study of history, and a comprehensive study of the problem. Significant results have certainly been achieved on the path of women’s emancipation in the USSR: equal pay for equal work, social insurance, protection of motherhood and childhood. It is not surprising that these achievements were used to promote the advantages of the socialist socio-economic system. For the first time the article attempts to consider the reports of the Committee of Soviet Women on the status of women abroad as a propaganda tool. In the reports we find criticism of the capitalist countries state policy on the women’s issue. The propaganda effect was achieved by biased coverage of the real situation, silencing the objective difficulties of the post-war period and emphasis of the social conflicts that took place. Yet only in the countries of socialist orientation — the Soviet occupation zone of Germany and North Korea, as well as in the USSR, the state policy on the women’s issue was highlighted in a positive way.

The study is devoted to the issue of the functioning of mass children's organizations in the USSR in the second half of the 50s — early 60s and modern Russia in the context of the increasing role of science. Attention is focused on establishing logical connections of key aspects in the work of mass children's organizations of the selected periods: the implementation of the social order of the state, priority areas, formed educational competencies. The main normative legal acts regulating the activities of mass children's organizations of the USSR of the 50s — 60s and the Russian Federation at the present stage of development are considered.
The scientific novelty of the study lies in comparing the activities of the structures of mass children's organizations of the Secular Union with modernity in terms of implementing the social order of society and the state in a rapidly changing social environment, and not on the basis of ideology.

The article analyzes the topics and directions of public discussion in Moldova at the middle of perestroika. It based on the basis of archival and published materials, which revolved around the further prospects of the existence of the Soviet state in various aspects. In 1988– 1991 the main stages of development of the discussion in the Moldovian public space, also the fundamental contradictions between the leading social and political movements were identified in the Transnistrian region. The data obtained in the course of the research allowed us to determine the contribution of Moldovian intellectuals of pro-Romanian tone to the development of disintegration processes in Moldova, as well as to identify the specifics of Moldovian nationalism.