Introduction. Social, cultural, and historical changes can be effectively studied through the lens of a generational approach, which allows analyzing the structure of society, the dynamics of its development, and the transformation of values, norms, and behavior.

The purpose of the work is to analyze methodological and methodological approaches in empirical generational research in Russian socio–humanitarian science from 2000 to 2025. To achieve this goal, a secondary analysis of 120 domestic scientific publications from the electronic abstract database E-Library devoted to the empirical study of generations published in the first quarter of the 21st century was carried out.

Results and scientific novelty. The analysis showed that the generational approach is actively used in the socio-humanitarian field, especially in sociology, psychology and philosophy. In terms of content, the focus is on studying the characteristics of individual generations (especially young people) — their values and behavior, mental characteristics and psychological profile. The problems of intergenerational interactions are insufficiently studied. This leads to a fragmented understanding of intergenerational relations, leaving unexplored key aspects of their interaction. The dominant method of collecting information about generations is a mass survey. The scientific novelty consists in a systematic analysis of the practices of conducting empirical generational research in Russian science of the 21st century and the possibilities for constructing author’s theoretical and empirical generational research based on it.

The purpose of this article is to compare the attitude to problems and transformations of media consumption of different generations. In the article, the authors discuss the attitude of representatives of generation Z, millenials and the reform generation to the transformations in the system of the modern media sphere. The attention is paid to the reflections of bilingual information consumers (speaking Russian and Yakut languages), taking into account the fact that in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) they actively communicate in two languages.

The article uses materials from sociological research conducted in 2023 in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Based on the results of quantitative research, the authors used the focus group interview method (March 4–5, 2025, Yakutsk) to clarify and deepen some of the previously obtained conclusions. Discourse analysis of statements of respondents of two focus groups demonstrated that the youth focus group representing of students, young professionals in media sphere, is much more optimistic about the development of journalism and mass media in general than representatives of the current journalistic stratum; the bilingual young consumer is quite satisfied with up-to-date information in the language of the majority (in Russian); the opinions of the first and second focus groups differ from each other, especially regarding attitudes towards new media. The results and scientific novelty presented are the attitudes of different generations of Yakuts to the transformation in the media sphere, to the problematic issues of the journalism sphere in the regions, as well as the features of bilingual media consumption.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the level and characteristics of religious student youth in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug — Yugra. During a regional sociological survey (n=2445, marginal sampling error does not exceed 2%), it was revealed that students demonstrate low behavioral indicators (involvement in religious practices) and identification, more than a third of young residents of Yugra are religiously unaffiliated. The level of religious consciousness, that is, belief in key religious ideas — God, the soul, and the afterlife — is slightly higher than the Russian average. At the same time, most students have secular, scientific understanding of the world. Based on student self-assessments, three groups of respondents were identified: «religious,» «spiritual but not religious,» and «non-religious.» Each type differs in the prevalence of beliefs and religious identity, the frequency of religious practices, and their attitude toward traditional religion and its role in their lives.

The article examines key trends and social changes in the Russian chess community caused by the widespread and dominant artificial intelligence (AI) in the relevant field. Based on the analysis of domestic scientific papers, a lack of empirical research and, as a result, many controversial and unfounded conclusions on this topic are noted. The results of the author’s empirical study, conducted in 2025 using the formalized interview method, are presented. The respondents were chess players of almost all levels of play — from amateurs to international grandmasters — from 3 regions of Russia. The analysis of the research results allowed us to identify both general trends for the chess community in the context of widespread use of algorithms (high level of trust in AI assessments and recommendations, correlation between the intensity of AI use in training, coaching, analysis of individual games and the growth of the level of play, popularization of online chess, intolerance to intentional violation of the rules of the game to gain an advantage — cheating), and the specifics of the influence of AI on certain groups of chess players: beginner, intermediate and highest level players, young people and older people, men and women. Various aspects of the transformation of social interactions between chess players in the context of the spread of AI are considered, related to the level of interpersonal trust, the formation and maintenance of informal connections with other community members, increased openness in knowledge sharing and the intensification of mediated communications. The conclusion notes the need to overcome «one-sided» approaches to assessing the impact of AI on the chess community and the relevance of further empirical research in this area.

The subject of the research in the article is the factors of formation of reproductive strategies among students. The relevance of the topic is related to the identification of additional opportunities to stimulate the birth rate among young people and to identify the factors hindering the implementation of these strategies. A sociological study conducted in 2024 using the methods of a semi-formalized written survey and traditional (qualitative) document analysis is devoted to identifying the main factors influencing reproductive strategies. 75 university students from Yekaterinburg participated in the study. The results of the study allowed us to rank the factors of the implementation of reproductive strategies. Mega-, macro-, meso— and microfactors have been identified. The megafactors influencing reproductive strategies are the international situation in general, the political and economic situation of the country, and socio-economic crises. Macrofactors that affect reproductive strategies are measures of state support for the family, the availability of housing, a car, financial security, and the availability of medical services. Mesofactors are the influence of the social environment, the media, and the parental family. Microfactors influencing reproductive strategies are associated with internal personal psychological ideas about oneself, children and childbirth, about family and partner, with life scenarios in general, with ideas about psychological readiness for parenthood. A comprehensive study and consideration of all these factors will contribute to an effective demographic policy.

Women's influence on all life spheres development of modern society is undeniable. Historical retrospective clearly indicates significant effective transformations initiated by outstanding women both in Russia and in the world. Only in the 20th century, women's activity in society led to the creation of their own movement and influenced the adoption of strategically important decisions in many areas. However, the remaining gender stereotype in the public consciousness allows us to state the existence of the aspect of «gender discrimination» in certain areas, as well as the «mistrust» factor manifested to the women's «power» and «political» representation of the Russian Federation.

Analyzing the influence of modern women politicians on the country development, the role of the Governor of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug — «Yugra», Natalia Komarova is obvious, whose activities contributed to the growth of not only the socio-economic, cultural and other spheres of the region, but also the revival of the «winged fleet», hydrofoils of the country. The purpose of the research. By using the historical review method and comparison of the main activity areas, this study analyzed the impact of Russian female politicians on the development of strategically important areas, and cited research results on the attitudes of residents in the Tyumen region towards women's participation in high-level political and management activities, and evaluate its impact on national development.

Materials and methods. The methods of scientific research were: analysis and scientific materials systematization, analysis of secondary data from the scientists' works, comparative method, questionnaires and interviews method with the aim of identifying the attitude of the region's residents to women politicians activities.

Results and discussion. The results of the analysis of the Russian women politicians activities, in particular Komarova N.V. allow us to talk about the significant transformations that have been carried out, influencing the effective development of not only the Yugra region, but also the initiation of strategically important economic and social spheres of the Russian Federation development, in particular the revival of the «winged fleet». The researching results of the attitude of the Tyumen region residents to the women politicians' activities in general demonstrate «positive» positions, although about 40% of the respondents expressed distrust to the women politicians activities.

Conclusion. The analysis of this study confirms the hypothesis of social stereotypes in Russian society regarding the representation of female politicians in power structures. Overall, respondents support increasing women's political activities, but trust in female politicians is not high among male respondents aged 18–25 and 41–78. In order to increase trust in female politicians and managers, the Russian authorities first need to report more on the achievements of women's activities in key power positions, management, and politics in the Russian Federation, establish a «talent reserve,» and promote gender equality among Russian citizens.

Solving problems related to the standard and quality of life significantly affects the direction and pace of transformation in the country. Ultimately, this affects the economic and, consequently, political stability in society.

The purpose of this article is to compare the quality of life in different regions of Russia and classify them based on quality of life indicators.

The novelty of the study lies in the fact that the comparison of regions is carried out using the quality of life index developed by the author. The empirical basis of the study was the results of processing the values of quality of life indicators in the regions using the SPSS program. In the process of data processing, cluster analysis was applied.

The analysis of the data revealed significant differences between the regions: high quality of life is typical for the regions of the Southern and Central Federal Districts, and low — for the Siberian District. The gap in the quality of life between the capital and the rest of the country’s regions remains one of the most significant. Belonging to rural areas has an ambiguous effect on the quality of life. An increase in the share of rural population in the regions reduces crime and morbidity, but leads to a decrease in retail turnover and migration growth. This is especially noticeable in the republics of the North Caucasus. The negative relationship between economic activity and quality of life is evident in the Northwestern and Ural districts: a high gross regional product per capita is accompanied by an increased incidence rate.

There is a pronounced discrepancy between the high level of production activity in the oil and gas producing regions of Russia and the low social impact on their population, expressed in high morbidity and crime.

Modern transformations in the media space (digitalization, virtualization, a large amount of information, etc.) require modern researchers to rethink approaches to assessing the personality of a journalist, primarily his social identity. Based on a survey conducted in 2024–25 of journalists aged 18 to 35 in Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra, the article draws a number of conclusions regarding the peculiarities of the formation of this identity. The focus is on the problems of practical journalistic activity, changes in the field of individual journalistic creativity, the necessary competencies of a journalist, key aspects of modern journalism in media education — all this in the context of the digitalization of the media space. The following contradiction has been revealed: young journalists of the district see the threats and advantages of digitalization of the media, but consider it necessary to form competencies related to the development of «digital intelligence» among university students, without applying these requirements to themselves. The author of the study sees the solution to the problem in clarifying the criteria for assessing the social identity of an actor in the media space. One of the key parameters is proposed to be «attitude to digital media tools».

The attitude towards migrants is determined by the host society’s perspective on social reality. This allows us to identify a specific type of interaction between these two categories and the dialectics of their relationship. The purpose of this study is to examine the attitude towards migrants, its dynamics, and key aspects of its manifestation in order to determine the level of social distance as a factor in the stability of interethnic relations in Russian society. The research methodology is based on a synthesis of economic and sociocultural approaches, which allows us to analyze this issue from the point of view of the relationship between environmental conditions and a subjective assessment of events. It is established that the prevalence of positive assessments of migration does not contribute to reducing the social distance towards this social group, especially in a number of social groups (young people, low-income citizens, and active Internet users). The factors influencing Russians’ attitudes towards migration are individual characteristics, place of residence, and sociocultural attitudes. The study’s findings highlight the need for a comprehensive approach to migrant integration, which includes socio-political, educational, and information measures aimed at improving their perception.

Social processes occurring among citizens over 55 years of age depend on various factors — demographic, economic, socio-political and psychological. All these factors have a regional dimension and change over time. The modern perception of population aging has changed significantly: instead of the terms «elderly population» or «elderly people,» which are often associated with helplessness, the concept of «older generation» is now used, emphasizing the activity and independence of people. This was reflected in key documents — «Strategy for Action in the Interests of Older Citizens in the Russian Federation until 2025» and the National Project of 2025 «Long and Active Life.» Today, active longevity is understood much more broadly than just medical care. Active longevity covers material well-being, social involvement, physical activity, and employment, in general, everything that can be called quality of life. The aim of the study is to study the needs of the older generation in the context of active longevity, determine the importance of preserving values for the age group under study, and correlate social values and needs with regional and public initiatives on proposed longevity practices. For this, a sociological study was carried out among older residents of the Tyumen region, as well as a content analysis of regional media.

Not only government agencies and NGOs, but also citizens aged 55+ have become subjects of active longevity social processes. The main factors of physical and psychological well-being and health for older people in the Tyumen Region have been identified. Social practices of active longevity also involve maintaining social connections within reference groups and relying on family values. It has been shown that incentives and information channels tailored to the older generation are necessary to involve older people in social health-saving practices and economic and political activity.

The digital transformation of education poses the challenge of training competitive graduates with digital competencies for a pedagogical university. The effective solution of this task is possible only if the teacher himself has full digital competencies. However, in real educational practice, there is often a «digital gap» among teachers, which is caused by a number of reasons: age, low motivation, technological incompetence, lack of digital experience, digital barriers, etc. One of the ways to overcome the «digital inequality» was to develop a model of the digital competence of a teacher at a pedagogical university. The model described in the paper is designed to identify individual teacher shortcomings and, on this basis, to build personalized professional development trajectories, which allows for a transition from formal compliance with requirements to the management of continuous professional development of the teaching staff.

In the context of blurring the boundaries between reality and virtuality, chatbots based on artificial intelligence technologies are an effective tool for shaping the information culture of college students in social networks.

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of chatbots as a tool for shaping the information culture of college students in a digital environment, with a focus on their implementation in the educational process based on social networks.

The study used the method of structural-functional analysis to identify the functions of chatbots in shaping the structural components of the information culture.

According to the results of the study, it was found that chatbots play the following roles in the formation of the information culture of college students during pedagogical interaction in social networks: value orientation-worldview component; skill trainer-competence component; tool for productive activity-activity component; and normative component.

In the context of blurring the boundaries between reality and virtuality, chatbots based on artificial intelligence technologies are an effective tool for shaping the information culture of college students in social networks.

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of chatbots as a tool for shaping the information culture of college students in a digital environment, with a focus on their implementation in the educational process based on social networks.

The study used the method of structural-functional analysis to identify the functions of chatbots in shaping the structural components of the information culture.

According to the results of the study, it was found that chatbots play the following roles in the formation of information culture during pedagogical interaction in social networks: value guide-worldview component; skill trainer-competence component; tool for productive activityactivity component; normative mediator-behavioral component.

This article examines the features of pedagogical support for the formation of a culture of safe behavior for military students. the university in the process of using the information environment. This is primarily due to the need to ensure the information security of personnel and data protection in the face of increasing cyber threats. Today, it is well known that information technology provides extensive learning opportunities, but at the same time creates new vulnerabilities, especially in the closed digital environment of a military educational institution. The article discusses the features of this closed information environment and the risks associated with it: strict access restrictions, secrecy (operational security) requirements, and the impact of external cyber threats.

The concepts of «culture of safe behavior» and «information environment» are described in detail, attention is focused on the need to integrate cyber hygiene skills into the daily activities of students. It is noted that trainees are often exposed to threats such as phishing and disinformation, despite their innate technical literacy. The importance of an integrated approach to fostering an information security culture, including practice-oriented training, the development of critical thinking and supportive measures on the part of management, is substantiated. It is concluded that the culture of safe behavior should become an integral part of the professional culture of an officer in the modern era, since the cybersecurity of the army and national defense largely depend on it.

The article is devoted to the study of the importance of teaching digital tools used in the project activities of university students. The main attention is paid to how the inclusion of these tools in the educational process contributes to the development of the most important competencies needed in future professional activities. Digital tools, their contribution to the development of independent and team design skills, as well as the benefits of their regular use in educational practice are considered in detail. The experience of integrating the course «Digital Culture» and project activities of students of Yugra State University is presented. Prospects for further research are related to a more in-depth study of the influence of various digital tools on the quality of students’ project and research work.

The formation of a culture of evaluation activity of a future teacher seems to be a significant problem of university education. The quality of the assessment of students’ knowledge and academic achievements will depend on the formed level of culture of the future teacher’s assessment activity. Based on the analysis of scientific sources; it has been revealed that the structure of the culture of the future teacher’s assessment activity includes cognitive; operational and reflexive components. The formation of a future teacher’s evaluation culture is possible under the following necessary and sufficient pedagogical conditions: the development and subsequent implementation of the additional education program «The Culture of Teachers’ Evaluation» in the educational process of a pedagogical university; and the use of pedagogical intensives in the university’s educational process that actualize the evaluation activities of future teachers.

The article examines the current problem of the formation of value orientations among modern youth in the context of the axiological crisis; on the one hand; and increasing attention to the organization of educational work in universities; on the other. Study of the understanding and content of value relations among medical students to find tools for definition.

The author reviews the content of the concepts of «values»; «value relations»; and «value orientations» and compares them with the priorities set out in the current regulatory documents governing the activities of educational institutions of higher education. As the analysis of the literature shows; there is no single universal interpretation of the concept of «value» and it is considered in different scientific fields — philosophy; sociology; psychology. Values are understood as the firm belief that a certain way of behaving is preferable and motivating a person to act. In pedagogy; values are considered as personally and voluntarily chosen; consciously and unconsciously; moral axioms; ideals recognized by the best part or the majority of the cultural community in which you live; which you profess and which you are guided by in your assessments; actions; deeds and decisions.

At the same time; the author refers to sociological research on the value orientations of young people conducted in recent years. The research results confirm the relevance of this problem at all times and require improvement of regulatory documents; including work programs for education; calendar plans for educational work in educational organizations and updating the forms and methods of education used.

Special attention is paid to the problem of finding and substantiating effective tools for studying students’ value relationships based on the analysis of theoretical and methodological research in the field of education and culture and a thorough study of regulatory documents for the purpose of understanding «values; value relations.» The author came to the conclusion that one of the most effective tools is the methodology of studying value relations based on the materials of Russian proverbs. The results of the study of students’ value relations allow us to conclude that the instability of the formation of value relations prevails; which further determines the tasks and pedagogical actions for the formation of their basic values.