The reform of forestry and the forest industry in the Soviet Union at the turn of the 1920s and 1930s led to the strengthening of the role of the state in forestry activities and the formation of a new model of forest use. The purpose of the article is to analyze the ideas of business executives and scientists in the 1930s about forest resources and their use. The publications of business executives, specialists in the forest industry, planners, including in specialized journals: «Forest Industry», «Planned economy» are considered. Their study made it possible to identify the topics raised in the press, the possibilities of influencing the forest policy of party and state bodies. It was noted that the large-scale tasks of the five-year plans, the mobilization nature of the directives of the party and state bodies, the transfer of significant forest areas to the industrial people’s commissariats formed an idea among business executives about the priority of activating timber harvesting before forestry activities. Scientists have identified the negative sides of continuous logging, non-use of wood waste, low rates of logging and reforestation. In the second half of the 1930s, they focused their efforts on studying the positive and negative sides of the new model of forest management, justifying the need to adjust it in order to mitigate the negative consequences of an environmental and economic nature. The most important consequence of this was the establishment of a water protection zone in the European part of the country in 1936.

Integrated wood and hunting resources of large wood natural territorial complexes and their value in the history of social and economic development of municipal unions Now the order of use of wood and hunting resources in regions of Russia генерализировано is carried out, including according to «Wood plans”and”Schemes of placing, use and protection of the hunting grounds for territories of the subject of the Russian Federation» which analysis of the maintenance shows that not always in a due measure their accessory to large inter-regional sotsio-natural landscape formations is considered. The purpose of researches — definition of a role and value of wood and hunting integrated resources in the history of social and economic development of municipal unions and working out of recommendations about their development on the basis of internal tourism on an example of large sotsio-landscape formation — a natural territorial complex «Bryansk large forest», with use of the approaches designated in the scientifically-methodical grant of Russian geographical society «Inter-regional tourist project« the Western facade of Russia ». Novelty of scientific researches is connected with use of the landscape approach and proves to be true legislatively confirmed positions about rural tourism and countryside. As one of significant results of researches the scientifically-methodical substantiation of a network of integrated turistsko-recreational complexes in the form of national parks (wood, hunting, partizansko-army etc. halts as a first approximation) on a platform of innovative possibilities of tenants of sites of wood fund and охотпользователей acts.

The article is devoted to the study of the activities of the All-Russian Society for the Protection of Nature (VOOP) in Western Siberia in the 1960s and 1980s. The author analyzes the environmental measures carried out by the society and examines the trends in the work of regional offices. The work uses an integrated approach, including the analysis of archival documents, both federal and regional. Special attention is paid to the activities of the Kemerovo regional branch of the VOOP, which is one of the first in Western Siberia. The article makes a contribution to the history of the ecological movement in the USSR, revealing the role of environmental protection in Western Siberia in the context of socio-economic and political processes of the era.

Today, the growing importance of environmental protection issues is becoming obvious not only at the state level, but also in the global political space. The modern environmental agenda has long been a synthesis of environmental, economic, and technological problems. The economic development of many countries continues to be based on the large-scale use of natural resources, which creates an additional burden on global ecosystems.
In order to preserve and restore natural resources, as well as to reduce the negative anthropogenic impact on the environment, states take appropriate legal, economic and social measures. In Soviet environmental policy, two key areas are distinguished: the creation of a management system for environmental protection and rational use of natural resources and the development of environmental legislation.
The formation of the state’s attitude to natural resources throughout the second half of the 20th century was dictated exclusively by economic interests. Actions to organize their rational use and protection clashed with the interests of departments in fulfilling planned indicators for the development of these resources.

The article analyzes the creation and functioning of a system for monitoring the state of the natural environment of KhMAO-Yugra. The author notes the relevance of its action in the conditions of aggressive anthropogenic influence on the ecology of the autonomous okrug of the oil and gas complex and the weak restoration potential of natural resources in the North of Western Siberia, characterizes the tasks of a unified environmental monitoring system, which includes regular monitoring of the state of components of the natural environment and natural ecological systems, reveals the mechanism of functioning of State environmental monitoring, which was carried out by the federal and regional executive authorities of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Ugra in accordance with their competencies, represents the structure of the monitoring network of environmental monitoring on the territory of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Ugra, evaluates the diverse activities of the environmental control system on the territory of the Autonomous Okrug.

The article is devoted to the development of scientific and educational tourism in the territory of facilities with a special environmental protection regime. The author analyzes data of sociological survey, documents of strategic development and influence of environmental education on citizens' consciousness, as well as the rightness of behavior and conscious caring attitude to nature.
The objective of the study is to identify trends in the development of environmental tourism on specially protected natural areas and sites of world natural heritage, Analysis of existing models of said activities and identification of a promising way of development of environmental education, educational and scientific activities in the field of environmental protection, sustainable development and management of natural resources. In the study various general and special scientific methods of cognition were used: formal-legal, sociological method, systems analysis techniques were used. The scientific novelty of the conducted study is due to the change in legal regulation of tourism on specially protected natural areas and results of citizens' surveys to identify the level of knowledge about the regime of protection of world natural heritage sites. Based on the study of existing methods and legal regulation, the author identifies and analyzes key issues in the development of environmental and scientificeducational tourism and the conclusion is formed on the possibility of creating within the boundaries of the Central Ecological Zone of Baikal Natural Territory, which is an object of world natural heritage, in special economic zones of innovation platforms of environmental education and scientific tourism.

The gold mining industry occupies an important place in the history of the economic development of Siberia. In the early 1920s, crisis phenomena caused a strong decline in its role in the economy of Western Siberia. The authorities made efforts to increase gold production and the Sibzoloto Trust was designed to ensure the dynamic development of the industry. There are no works on the history of the state trust of regional significance Sibzoloto in Russian and foreign historiography. The purpose of the article is to analyze the evolution of the organizational structure of the Sibzoloto Trust, to characterize the professional qualities of its leaders. The research is based on a region-oriented approach developed by Russian scientists within the framework of the theory of frontier modernization.
It is established that the Sibzoloto Trust used the territorial principle of organizing gold mining operations, which was applied in the first half of the 1920s and will be in demand in the following decades. During the period of activity of the Sibzoloto Trust (1925–1927), its territory increased significantly, however, gold production in the 1926/27 operating year decreased by 12.7% compared to the previous year. The increase in the number of mines at this stage did not lead to an increase in gold production. An analysis of the activities of Sibzoloto’s managers showed that the trust was managed quite competently, without sudden disruptions. At the same time, during the two years of the trust’s activity, four of its leaders were replaced, the principle of belonging to the Communist Party came out in the first place.

Technological progress is accompanied by the need for new metals or the use of new properties of such well-known metals as nickel, which in the twentieth century began to be used in the production of stainless steel, heat-resistant alloys, armor for tanks and other military equipment. The purpose of the article is to explore the policy of the state in the pre–war and war periods to create a nickel industry, including in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, as well as elements of the acquired experience in the development of natural resources of the Arctic, which have not lost their relevance in modern conditions. Development in the 30s. nickel deposits in the Arctic Circle were determined by the need to strengthen the country's defense capability on the eve of World War II. The decision to build the Norilsk Mining and Metallurgical Combine was one of the reasons for the creation of an independent Krasnoyarsk Territory in December 1934. However, in the emergency conditions of the impending war, all economic activities north of the 62nd parallel were entrusted to the Main Directorate of the Northern Sea Route, and the execution of construction and technological works to the GULAG of the NKVD. A system of specialized GULAG camps was deployed on the territory of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the economic activities of industrial and agricultural enterprises of the region, including in the areas inhabited by indigenous peoples of the Yenisei North, were focused on meeting the needs of the construction of the NMMC. As a result of the mobilization of all forces and means, the staff of the Norilsk Combine made a significant contribution to the victory of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War. The commissioning and operation of the plant represent a specific experience in the development of natural resources of the Arctic, accumulated in extreme conditions of the Arctic on the eve and during the Great Patriotic War.

Based on currently declassified archival documents, the problem of the existence of various approaches to the development of the West Siberian oil and gas province is being investigated. It is proved that in reality there were several options for the development of Western Siberia, and in the conditions of the complicated economic situation in the USSR in the early 1960s, the central party and state bodies urgently needed to determine priorities. The conclusion is formulated that, in many ways, the energy and entrepreneurial spirit of supporters of the accelerated pace of creating a powerful oil and gas complex in this region predetermined the choice of strategy. The studied published and archival documents indicate not only the special attention that the authorities began to pay to the oil-producing industries during this period, but also allow us to determine the mechanisms for implementing large-scale projects, the factors that influenced the choice of course, to consider the positive and negative consequences.

The industry of the USSR in the XX century developed without taking into account the damage caused to nature. In the northern and Arctic regions, the economy is based on mining, which, as a rule, causes significant damage to the environment. Gradually, the attitude of society towards ecology began to change, in the 1980s environmental statistics began to form and gradually increasing environmental restrictions appeared. The purpose of this study is a comparative analysis of the impact of industrial development in the four northern autonomous okrugs on the environment. The research uses general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, analogy and regression analysis. As a result, it is shown that in the 1990s environmental problems receded into the background and only in the 2000s modernization and active environmental policy contributed to reducing the impact on the environment. Since the mid‑2010s, environmental pollution has been increasing again in some regions.

The concept of natural resource potential (NRP) is dynamic, and it can change its content in the process of human activity. The historical approach in economic geography determines the need to study the potential of the region, both dynamic and inertial parts of it, as well as the change of the entire NRP over time. It is the temporal aspect in economic geography that is provided by a system of methods, the choice of which is determined by the historical approach. One of the components of the general NRP is the mineral resource potential (MRP). Aim — to assess the potential and structure of MRP in the regions of Asian Russia, as well as its change over the period from 2006 to 2023 using the point method. As a material, the State reports on the state and use of mineral resources of the Russian Federation in 2006–2022 were analyzed. MRP are determined not only by the size of reserves, but also by their potential significance in the economy, the geological study of the subsoil, the development of the territory and the transport accessibility of specific mineral deposits. All this makes it possible to evaluate MRP according to certain formulas. The first five places for the period 2006–2022 were occupied by the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the Irkutsk Region, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the Trans-Baikal and Primorsky Territories, and the last place was taken by the Omsk Region. Nevertheless, during this period of time, there have been some changes in the rating list. All subjects of Asian Russia can be grouped into 10 groups according to the structure of MRP. The results of the study can be used to adjust the strategy of socio-economic development of the regions of Asian Russia.

Small rivers and associated landscapes possess a number of qualities and values, which include not only natural resources such as biodiversity, natural habitat and water, but also cultural heritage consisting of physical cultural resources and immaterial values such as a sense of place Genius Loci. This article is not supposed merely to present the role of small rivers as factors forming this intangible resource. Ignoring the resource assessment of intangible ecosystem services of natural objects could lead to the implementation of landscape and geoecological policies that ignore widely perceived cultural values.

The population has been engaged in the production of seals in the White Sea since the settlement of the Arctic territories. In the 19th century, the mammal hunting was already a traditional occupation of the Pomor population and covered the expanses of the White and Barents Seas. They hunted Greenland seals, bearded seals, and ringed seals. In Soviet times, mammal hunting was widely developed through the use of icebreaking fleet vessels, aircraft and helicopters of polar aviation. Large-scale hunting of the Greenland seal has led since the 1960s to the introduction of population monitoring and restrictions on the hunting of marine animals, both internationally and domestically. Nevertheless, until the early 2000s, whole fishing collective farms in the Arkhangelsk region specialized in seal hunting. Among the reasons for the cessation of fishing, one can note the growth of the animal rights movement, inflation, rising fuel prices, transport problems, increased taxation and a number of others. The issue of resuming seal hunting in the Arkhangelsk region and discussing the conditions for its resumption are still relevant for the development of the region.

The article deals with the activities of local historians of Tobolsk province, first of all G. M. Dmitriev-Sadovnikov, on the study of the Vakh River and its environs, conducted by them in 1910–1913. The scientific results of the 1913 expedition led by B. N. Gorodkov, organized by the Tobolsk Museum with the support of metropolitan scientific institutions — the Academy of Sciences and the St. Petersburg Botanical Garden — to study the Vakh River, its major tributaries, as well as adjacent territories are analyzed. It is concluded that it was local researchers and local historians who played a decisive role in the scientific «discovery» of the Vakh River.

At the end of the XIX century, Omsk doctors began a long dialogue with the authorities about the need to build a water pipeline in the city. They acted as the main experts on water quality issues, the causes of its pollution and the experience of other cities in the construction of water supply and sewerage. But the discussion of the real project began in 1902 with the recommendation of the Commission on Strengthening Fire-fighting equipment to build a fire water supply system. Later, cholera again became an important argument for the Omsk City Duma. The discussion of the water pipeline project and the selection of contractors stretched for almost a decade, and the construction itself took longer than originally planned. Keywords: Omsk, water supply, infrastructure, cholera

The little-studied issue of Russian historiography on the activities of scientific institutions for the study of fish and fish resources of the Arctic territories of the Yamalo–Nenets District in the pre-war decade (1931–1941) is considered. The focus is on All-Union scientific organizations and the regional branch (station) in Tobolsk, whose expeditionary activities are systematized and presented in a problematic chronological order. The greatest attention is paid to ichthyological studies aimed at studying the fish and fish resources of the Gulf of Ob and Gydan Bay.
The purpose is to identify scientific institutions, systematize and analyze factual material about the research activities of expeditions and individual scientists, to determine the results of the study of fish and fish resources of the Yamal North in the pre–war decade (1931–1941). The article is based on the source materials of ichthyologists published in the pre-war decade and post-war years, the authors of which were E. K. Suvorov, E. V. Burmakin, I. G. Yudanov, M. P. Saldau. The goal set in the article was solved on the basis of the integrated use of the possibilities of problem-chronological, historical-comparative, structural-systemic research methods.
The factors have been identified, and the features that have influenced the scale and vectors of research in the region under consideration have been identified. Scientific institutions, expeditions, and research work carried out by them were identified; the importance of the results of expeditions for expanding fundamental and applied knowledge on ichthyology and the state of fish resources by the beginning of the Great Patriotic War was determined.

The article presents the results of a study of the history of water management construction in the steppe regions of the Volga region in the 1930s — 1950s. In order to solve the problem of catastrophic droughts and crop failures during this period, the creation of reservoirs and irrigation systems began, the use of which helped to raise the agriculture of the region to a new level and eliminate the threat of food shortages. The yield of grain and vegetable crops has increased, and conditions have been created for the development of animal husbandry and pond fish farming. The conducted research is based on published and unpublished sources, most of which are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. First of all, these are archival documents from the funds of organizations that carried out water management construction in the region — Kutulukstroy, Sredvolgovodstroy, Meliovodstroy. The author of the article emphasizes the importance of preserving the historical memory of the creators of the Samara region’s water management complex and drawing attention to the environmental problems of the region.

The period under review was characterized by active hydraulic engineering, industrial and agricultural development, and urban growth in Western Siberia. This led to an increased anthropogenic impact on the environment, particularly on river systems. As a result, fisheries research expanded significantly, with a focus on the study of important rivers and lakes for fishing. Purpose. This study aims to summarize information on hydrobiological and fisheries research conducted in the Ob-Irtysh basin during the second half of the 20th century and early 21st century. Material and Methods. Based on published materials from hydrobiologists, ichthyologists, and ecologists, the study analyzes scientific research carried out in the reservoirs of the Ob-Irtysh region during this period. Results and Scientific Contributions. Through this analysis, we aim to provide insight into the progress of hydrobiological and fisheries research, as well as identify any significant findings or developments that have contributed to our understanding of the ecology and biodiversity of the region’s aquatic ecosystems. In the second half of the 20th century and the early 21st century, the study of water resources in the Ob-Irtysh basin continued. Over 40 organizations participated in this work. Scientists’ main task was to systematize long-term data and develop recommendations for the economic development of water resources and fishing in the region.

The article is devoted to the issue of conservation and use of natural resources (primarily forest, oil, fish, coal) in the context of relations between the Soviet Union and the Japanese Empire in 1925–1935, which has not been previously considered in historiography. This, as well as the use of unpublished materials from the funds of the Foreign Policy Archive of the Russian Federation, the State Archive of the Russian Federation, and the Russian State Archive of Social and Political History, as sources, testifies to the relevance and scientific novelty of the study. The study used such methods as descriptive, analytical, formal-logical, comparative, historical-archival. The aim of the article is to analyze the specifics of contacts between the USSR and Japan in the context of the problem of preserving and using the natural resources of the Soviet Far East (primarily forest, oil, fish, and coal) in the initial period of formation and development of Soviet-Japanese relations, and especially during their aggravation during the Manchurian crisis from September 1931 to March 1935. The chronological framework of the article is determined, on the one hand, by the conclusion of the Beijing Convention in January 1925 and the establishment of diplomatic relations between the USSR and Japan, and on the other hand, by the end of the Manchurian crisis in connection with the sale (assignment of rights) of the CER by the Soviet Union to Manchukuo (in fact, to Japan) in March 1935. Conclusions are made, including that the issues of preserving and using the natural resources of the Soviet Far East in the context of relations between the USSR and Japan were regulated mainly by concession agreements, as well as trade agreements and fishing conventions; were actively used by both sides to achieve their foreign policy goals and objectives.

Due to unsustainability of climate systems, indigenous peoples of the Arctic are forced to adapt their traditional way of life to a changing environment. Environmental, economic and social problems are increasing, giving rise to threats to the traditional hunting, reindeer breeding, fishing, and conservation of the original culture of the indigenous peoples living in the North.
The purpose of the work is to determine key changes leading to transformation of traditional environmental management mechanisms and vulnerability of tundra ecosystems on the case study of Pechora plain and Melville Peninsula.
Materials and methods: analysis of literature, statistical, and cartographic materials, and field reports on the transformation of the natural environment are applied.
Results and scientific novelty: a modern picture of the adaptation of traditional nature management to a changing climate has been shown. Key natural and climatic factors leading to a threat of traditional nature management in tundra have been identified. It has been revealed that (1) traditional experience and knowledge on spatial patterns of the natural resource allocation are under transformation owning to a changing environment. The availability of resources for hunting and fishing is reduced, the areas of medicinal plants growth are reduced too. Modern means of movement and hunting are replacing by traditional ones. (2) Traditional nature management is still resource-value and includes an economic cultural component, despite the transformation of its methods, as well as their dynamism and new elements appearance. (3) The obtained results could be the basis for the development of mechanisms supporting the traditional way of life of the North peoples as a component of the global ecosystem and regulator of its functions.

After the tightening of sanctions against Russia by Western countries, our country sees its main partners among Asian countries, including in the framework of the development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. India is paying attention to the Arctic. In 2022, it adopted a key Arctic policy document which also enshrines its economic interest in the region. The aim of the work is the studying of the relations that have developed between Russia and India in the Russian Arctic, as well as the identifying of possible areas of interaction between the two countries in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation after the start of a special military operation in Ukraine and the adoption by India of a political document on the Arctic. There are a structural-analytical approach, a research method based on secondary sources, generalization, synthesis, and comparative analysis in the article. The main area of cooperation between Russia and India in the Arctic region is the extraction, the transportation and the use of minerals located in the Russian Arctic to India. First of all, this concerns oil and liquefied natural gas. The development of the infrastructure of the Northern Sea Route, the scientific cooperation, the environmental and climate partnership, the study of the traditions and the culture of northern peoples and other areas for collaboration between Moscow and Delhi are at the formation stage, but there is enormous potential for their development.

В статье отмечается, что территории Крайнего Севера отличаются от других районов страны суровостью холодного периода года и невозможностью компенсации резко дискомфортных условий длительной зимы. Автор отмечает, что в суровых природно-климатических условиях Крайнего Севера с его неравномерным расселением и специфической структурой населения градостроительные решения должны существенно отличаться от решений, разработанных для освоенных районов, обладающих благоприятным климатом. В нормативных документах в 1950–1980‑х гг. не было исчерпывающих правил, норм и рекомендаций по градостроительству в этих условиях. Наибольшее внимание в практике застройки городов Крайнего Севера должно было уделяться проблеме защиты человека от влияния суровой внешней среды. Важное значение автор уделяет вопросам необходимого комфорта проживания. В статье анализируется принцип максимального сближения и концентрации системы жилья и обслуживания. В компактных жилых образованиях легче создать улучшенный микроклимат путем осуществления защиты территории от ветров. Проекты предусматривали мероприятия, направленные на всесторонний учет особенностей проживания человека в суровом климате и призваны были улучшить быт и отдых населения.

In the early 1960s, the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug entered a new phase of its development.
As a result of the discovery of colossal oil fields, the region has become the country’s largest industrial complex for the extraction of hydrocarbons. A sharp change in the demographic structure of the population, the reorientation of the district’s economy to a new branch of the economy led to one of the most striking examples of urbanization in the Soviet Union. Surgut, which later became the largest oil center, was one of the first to feel the need to change the situation in landscaping. The government has faced the goal of creating a comfortable and pleasant settlement for living.
As a methodology, the study uses the concept of environmental history, which considers the process of interaction between man and nature in a historical context, and also uses the concept of «urban environment». The main source of the research is the activities of the settlement Council of the workers’ settlement of Surgut, studied in the R‑40 Fund (Executive Committee of the Surgut settlement Council of Workers’ Deputies, the workers’ settlement of Surgut of the Khanty-Mansiysk National Okrug of the Tyumen Region) of the Municipal Archive of the city of Surgut.
The conclusion is made about the weak involvement of citizens, employees of the oil and gas industry and representatives of local authorities in solving the issue of improvement of Surgut at the initial stage of industrial development.

The paper is dedicated to the study of the current state of historical and biographical research of polar explorers of the 1930’s. The author analyzes the domestic historiography of the XXI century in order to determine the degree of completeness and study of the biographies of the Soviet conquerors of the Arctic. Their personal composition is determined by sampling from the latest «Arctic Encyclopedia». Bibliographic material was selected and studied for each of the 105 polar explorers, which was then grouped and systematized by qualitative categories and quantitative indicators. Based on analytical and statistical methods of comparing primary data, the personal distribution of the number and composition of publications is shown. The scientific novelty of the work consists in covering the most recent historiographical layer and in identifying aspects of the topic that remain insufficiently studied at the moment.