The Evolution of the Idea of the «Revolutionary Capacity of the Masses» in the Ideology of Left-Wing Populism 1870s — the Early 1880s.
https://doi.org/10.26105/SSPU.2022.77.2.023
Abstract
The article is devoted to the development of the idea of the people in the ideology of revolutionary populism of 1870-early 1880-s. The problem is analyzed in the context of formation and development of the two major populism conceptions of revolutionary transformations of the country: social and political; the central place in them was taken by the question of the degree of revolutionary character of the Russian people. The analysis of works by M. A. Bakunin, P. L. Lavrova, and P. N. Tkachev, memoirs of the participants of the “March to the People”, and printed editions of “Land and Will” and “Narodnaya Volya” serve as a basis for identifying the main stages and main directions of the idea of involvement of people in the revolutionary movement. Finally, the author concludes that popular thought has evolved toward a more realistic understanding of the needs and hopes of the working masses, and their «revolutionary power». However, the direct correlation between the interpretation of the idea of “the people” and its place in the doctrine of revolutionary transformation, i. e. the idealism and dogmatism of the thinking of the populists of the 1870s, prevented them from becoming the true leaders of their people.
About the Author
G. N. Mokshin
Voronezh State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Mokshin Gennady Nikolayevich — Doctor of Sciences (History), Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Russian History
References
1. Aptekman O. V. Dmitrij Rogachev v ego «ispovedi k druz’jam» i pis’mam k rodnym [Dmitri Rogachev in his «confessions to friends» and letters to relatives] // The past. 1924. № 26. S. 71–101. (In Russian).
2. Blum R. N. Nekotorye metodologicheskie voprosy izuchenija istorii revoljucionnoj mysli [Some methodological issues in studying the history of revo-lutionary thought] // Scientific Notes of the University of Tartu. Vol. 599. A tril-ogy of philosophy. Tartu: TSU, 1982. S. 68–92. (In Russian).
3. [Breshko- Breshkovskaya E. K.] Vospominanija propagandistki (Odnoj iz osuzhdennyh na katorgu) [Memoirs of a propagandist (One of the convicts to hard labour)] // Community. 1878. № 8–9. S. 9–15 (in Russian). (In Russian).
4. Volk S. S. Narodnaja volja (1879–1882) [The People’s Will (1879–1882)]. M.; L.: Science, 1966. 491 s. (In Russian).
5. Herzen A. I. O socializme: Izbrannoe [On Socialism: Selected Works]. M.: Science, 1974. 696 s. (In Russian).
6. Deitch L. Hozhdenie v narod (Iz vospominanij) [Going to the People (From Memoirs)]. Pg.: Gosizdat, 1920. 40 s. (In Russian).
7. Erofeev N. D. Socialisty-r evoljucionery [Socialist Revolutionaries] // His-tory of Political Parties in Russia: Textbook for Students of Higher Education. M.: Vyssh. shk., 1994. S. 143–194 (In Russian).
8. Zaitsev V. A. Sub#ektivnyj metod v sociologii kak forma preodolenija pro-tivorechija poznanija i social’noj praktiki [Subjective method in sociology as a form of overcoming the contradiction between cognition and social practice] // Problems of philosophy. Vol. 66. Kyiv: KSU, 1985. S. 86–93 (In Russian).
9. Ivanchin- Pisarev A. I. Hozhdenie v narod [Going to the People]. M.; L.: Molodaya Gvardiya, 1929. 451 s. (In Russian).
10. Itenberg B. S. Dvizhenie revoljucionnogo narodnichestva. Narod-nicheskie kruzhki i «hozhdenie v narod» v 70-h godah ХIХ v. [The Movement of Revolutionary Popularity. Narodnicheskie circles and «going to the people» in the 70s of the 19th century]. M.: Science, 1965. 443 s. (In Russian).
11. Lavrov P. L. Vpered! Nasha programma [Go for it! Our programme] // Selected essays on socio- political topics: in 8 vol. Vol. II. M.: Politkatorzhan Iz-datelstvo, 1934. S. 23–41 (In Russian).
12. Lavrov P. L. Izbrannye sochinenija na social’no-politicheskie temy. [Selected Essays on Socio-P olitical Themes]: v 8 t. T. III. M.: Politkatorzhan Iz-datelstvo, 1934. 419 s. (In Russian).
13. Literatura partii «Narodnaja volja» [Literature of the People’s Will party]. M.: Politkatorzhan Izdatelstvo, 1930. 336 s. (In Russian).
14. Lukashevich A. O. V narod (Iz vospominanij semidesjatnika) [To the people (From the memoirs of a seventy-s omething man)] // The past. 1907. № 3. S. 1–44 (In Russian).
15. Mokshin G. N. Koncepcija naroda v social’no-revoljucionnoj doktrine russkogo narodnichestva [The concept of the people in the social- revolutionary doctrine of Russian Narodstvo] // Vestnik VSU. Ser. Humanities, 2005. № 1. S. 358–367 (In Russian).
16. Morozov N. A. Povesti moej zhizni [Stories of my life]: v 2 t. T. 1. M.: Science, 1965. 407 s. (In Russian).
17. Plekhanov G. V. Nashi raznoglasija [Our differences] // Essays: in 24 vol. Vol. 2. M.; L.: Gosizdat, [1925]. S. 91–357 (In Russian).
18. Revoljucionnaja zhurnalistika semidesjatyh godov [Revolutionary journalism in the seventies]. Paris: [impr. Ch. Noblet], 1905. 515 s. (In Russian).
19. Revoljucionnoe narodnichestvo 70-h godov XIX veka [Revolutionary nationalism in the 1970s]: v 2 t. T. I. M.: Science, 1964. 472 s. (In Russian).
20. Programma «Zemli i voli» [The Earth and Will programme] // Револю ционное народничество 70-х годов XIX века: in 2 vol. Vol. II. M.; L.: Science, 1965. S. 27–33 (In Russian).
21. Tvardovskaya V. A. Socialisticheskaja mysl’ Rossii na rubezhe 1870–1880-h godov [Socialist Thought in Russia at the Turn of the Year 1870–1880]. M.: Science, 1969. 241 s. (In Russian).
22. Tkachev P. N. Izbrannye sochinenija na social’no-politicheskie temy [Selected essays on socio-p olitical topics]: v 7 t. T. III. M.: Politkatorzhan Iz-datelstvo, 1933. 503 s. (In Russian).
23. Troitsky N. A. Krestonoscy socializma [The Crusaders of Socialism]. Saratov: SSU, 2002. 372 s. (In Russian).
Review
For citations:
Mokshin G.N. The Evolution of the Idea of the «Revolutionary Capacity of the Masses» in the Ideology of Left-Wing Populism 1870s — the Early 1880s. Surgut State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2022;(3 (78)):82-91. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.26105/SSPU.2022.77.2.023
Views:
167
Email this article 