The History of the Creation of Regional Protected Areas «Teriberka» AND «Seydyavr» in the Context of Tourism Development in the Murmansk Region

Abstract

The growth of tourist flow in the Murmansk region has revealed the need to develop approaches and concepts for finding sustainable tourism development. The damage caused by tourists to host communities (garbage, anthropogenic load, damage to natural resources, and others) has acquired significant proportions and revealed the need to create specially protected natural areas. In the practice of preserving natural and cultural heritage, the experience of creating specially protected natural areas (SPNA) to be able to organize conditions for civilized, ecological tourism has been recognized at the international level as one of the options for sustainable tourism development.

In this paper, based on interviews, documentary base and publications in the regional press, the history of the emergence of regional SPNAs «Teriberka» and «Seydyavr» is described for the first time. The creation of SPNAs is considered as part of the strategy for the development of sustainable tourism. It is especially important to adhere to the principles of sustainability in the Arctic, where intervention and increase in anthropogenic load can have a detrimental effect on both natural ecosystems and the lives of the local population. It is shown that the creation of SPNAs in each settlement has its own specifics. This is due to the historical and cultural characteristics of the territories and the attitude of the population to the problems of preserving cultural and natural heritage in a given period of time.